Generator and its Parts.

By Chief Engineer Riaz Marghoob's Lecture On

Generator and its parts

It was the Daihatsu Generator.


There are two sides of the generator.
Electrical Side. (part after the flywheel)
Mechanical Side.

MECHANICAL SIDE
Cylinder Head is the top cover of the cylinder and contains following parts.
Rocker Arm.
Cylinder Relief Valve.
Exhaust Valve.
Air Starting Valve.
Fule injector.
Indicator Cock. (Indicates the inside position of the cylinder)
Push Rod
Turbo Charger is attached with the generator and is responsible for removing the burnt gasses from the cylinder and filling it with the fresh air. The more the fresh air in the cylinder the more will be the generator's efficiency.


Sump at the lower part of the engine contains lube oil for lubrication of Crank Pin Bering, main Bearing, cross head and Piston and cylinder liner.


There are two types of lubrication methods:
Splash Lubrication.
Forced Lubrication.

Splash Lubrication:

Splash lubrication takes place by the splashing due to the movement of the crank shaft.



Forced Lubrication:

For forced lubrication lube oil pump is required which pumps the lube oil through the connecting rod into the gudgeon pin hole through which it is released and lubricates the area between the piston and cylinder liner.



In both cases lube oil filter is attached to remove any impurity from the lube oil.


Fule pump is placed on the right hand side of the governor and is used to pump the fuel in the pipe over the cylinder head


Like a lube oil filter there is also a fuel oil filter which is used to filter the fuel oil.


Lube oil cooler is present to maintain the temperature of lube oil.


Piston contains two different types of ring attached in differnt combination depending upon the construct.
Compression Ring.
Scrapper Ring Or Oil Ring

Compression Ring:

It is used to restrict the hot gasses from entering into the sump.



Scrapper Ring:

It is responsible for creating a film of lube oil and scrap the lube oil into the sump from the liner.



Before attaching the ring make sure of the correct side of the ring to be at the top. Some times it is written on the ring "This Side Top."


Camshaft is present above the crank shaft and operates the rocker arms above the valve via push rod. It operates the push rod which further operates the rocker arm which further operates the spring loaded valves on cylinder head.

FOR ELECTRICAL SIDE PLEASE REFFER TO DOC. 1 ATHER RIZVI's LECTURE.

Written by Ali Ahmed

Winterizing Boat Engines

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Winterizing boat engines above the topics is an essential to prevent the engine from getting damaged by the severe frost and freezing conditions. Boat owners living nearer to the equator do not need to worry concerning this since the climatic conditions there are stable and are rarely fall below 0°c the freezing point for water.

There are several factors that must be tended to

Winterizing Boat Engines

by boat owners before the winter sets in to avoid damaging their engines during the freeze as mentioned below. Since water plays a critical role in the cooling process of most marine boat engines, it is important that the cooling fluid ‘in most cases water’ be flushed and replaced with fresh cooling fluid containing anti freeze fluid that reduces the freezing level of the cooling fluid within the engine block. This must be done before every winter since constant fill up of used fluid could lead to dilution of the antifreeze leading to the freezing of the liquid within the engine block.

Plug in heaters must also me checked for any mal function before the winter set in, the heater plug in are usually plugged in to a electrical supply that gradually heats the frozen fluid or maintains the fluid at a temperature above freezing during the winters. Plugs that have malfunctioned must be replaced and tested. Besides maintain a higher temperature within the engine they also play an important part with making the engine easier to start during the winter season. Winterizing boat engines helps reduce starting problems in freezing conditions but by maintain a worm atmosphere within the engine block the engines start easier whatsoever the weather condition they may be exposed to.

Most engines also have an additional feature know as freeze plugs, this is a safety feature that help reduce the damage to an engine block in case of forgotten heater plug in or cooling fluid drainage during winter. Heating plugs’ can be installed instead of the freeze plugs can to maintain wormer cooling fluid temperature within the engines water jacket during winter. The freeze plugs are designed to pop out in case the cooling fluid freezes to ease the strain within the engine block and avoid damaging the block since ice occupies a greater volume than water thus expanding when frozen.

Greasing and lubrication of all moving parts is also

frozen boats

critical since a layer of grease or lubrication prevents moister from find its way in to the moving parts and freezing. This is very important since the moving parts are usually connected to the acceleration and steering of the boat and gammed ones could lead to disaster. When not in use it is also advisable to drain the fluid from the fuel tank and pipes and run the engine out of fuel before storage. This helps prevent the fuel from freezing within the pipes and causing starting inconvenience when required.

Manuals concerning winterizing boat engines are available from most engine manufacturers and one could easily obtain this information from the internet if required but it is important to study different methods of winterizing boat engines to avoid getting stranded or suffering damages to your boat engine that could easily be avoided advance knowledge
.

Main Engine Manoeuvring Control

Courtesy By NORCONTROL Automation AS

Engine Telegraph System (ETS)

Manufacturer: NORCONTROL Automation AS

Model: AutoChief - 4

Description

The ETS performs two basic functions, these are:

1. To allow an operator to initiate engine change commands from the

designated control location directly to the engine via the remote

control system. These changes can also be communicated, via the

ETS pushbuttons and telegraph handle, to an operator who will

implement these commands in the control room or the engine

room.

Maintenance of diesel engines

In the name of Allah who is the most merciful the beneficient

The reliability and safe working of the marine diesel engine depends upon the technical staff
and in particular upon sea going engineers.

Planned maintenance of marine machinery can prolong its life. Engine builders, pumps makers, in
shorts, all the makers of equipment in ship provide instructions about the regular care and
maintenance to be given to their equipment, with this information and knowing the continuous
survey requirements, the chief engineer plans the voyages maintenance work.

On board ship every engineer is delegated with the responsibilty for the efficient running and
maintenance of various items of machinery. Duties and responsilibilty are clearly defined and are
not to be left in any uncertainity.

General maintenance instruction

1. Trained and qualified personnel must be operate diesel engine only. unauthorized people must not be
allowed to operate the engine.

2. A log book should be kept for each engine, in which all important data and work concerning
the engine for example number of runing hours each day actual fuel consumption, intervals b/w oil changes
pressure and temperature of engine and general performance remarks.

3. The safety regulation and instructions concerning safety measures to be observed during operation
maintenance and repair work.

4. All essential parts of engine should be overhauled and cleaned at regular interval as per maker's
maintenance schedule. In order to keep engine good condition and constant operational readiness.

5. A parts from other factors the frequently overhauled of various engine parts are determined by the grade of
fuel and lubricating oil used.

Written by: Zeeshan Ahmed